tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post9008982564100048029..comments2023-10-24T19:10:17.771-07:00Comments on The High-fat Hep C Diet: Diabetes - an Evolutionary HypothesisUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger8125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-63829156818310877372015-01-09T13:55:02.083-08:002015-01-09T13:55:02.083-08:00And they reckon this alanine --> glucose shuttl...And they reckon this alanine --> glucose shuttle is the meaning of pre-diabetic elevations in ALT - interesting.<br />http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/492759Puddleghttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00953398103675945541noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-20909620723173058352015-01-09T13:47:43.126-08:002015-01-09T13:47:43.126-08:00BCAAs feature in Robert Lustig's MetSyn hypoth...BCAAs feature in Robert Lustig's MetSyn hypothesis<br />http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3289531/<br /><br />"In particular, valine and leucine/isoleucine levels have been reported to be 20% and 14% higher, respectively, in obese compared with lean subjects.87 Mechanistically, this appears to be accounted for by a high rate of flux through the BCAA catabolic pathway (Fig 2A), resulting in the increased production of alanine. Because alanine is a highly gluconeogenic amino acid, increased BCAA catabolism may thus contribute to increased hepatic glucose output.87 Furthermore, the increased α-ketoacids generated by increased flux of the BCAAs through their catabolic pathways also potentially suppress mitochondrial β-oxidation."Puddleghttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00953398103675945541noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-61115712380351774162015-01-04T13:44:20.608-08:002015-01-04T13:44:20.608-08:00The BCAA part jumped at me, too. From Phinney &...The BCAA part jumped at me, too. From Phinney & Voley, Low Carb Performance:<br /><br />In Steve’s keto-adaptation experiments in cyclists[6], circulating BCAA rose significantly during the ketogenic diet compared to their levels during the baseline high carbohydrate diet. This occurred despite the fact that both diets contained the same amounts of protein. BCAA oxidation typically increases in proportion to energy demands. In keto-adapted athletes, however, there appears to be less need for muscle to use BCAA as fuel, perhaps because the BCAA and ketones have similar ‘carbon skeletons’ and thus the ketones are burned in place of the BCAA. This was effectively demonstrated by Steve’s follow-up study showing that the higher blood leucine levels were a result of markedly decreased leucine oxidation. This finding is consistent with prior work in diaphragm muscle showing that BOHB inhibits the oxidation of leucine[25]. Blood leucine, which increases on a ketogenic diet, is known to be a potent regulator of muscle protein synthesis. Insulin, which decreases on a ketogenic diet, has a permissive role in promoting protein synthesis. Unaware of this counterbalancing effect from increased leucine levels, critics of low carbohydrate diets assumed that reduced insulin levels would cause muscle loss. However the net effect of nutritional ketosis from a well-formulated low carbohydrate diet is at least maintenance of lean body mass despite a much lower insulin level.<br /><br />Phinney, Stephen; Volek, Jeff (2012-06-15). The Art and Science of Low Carbohydrate Performance (p. 33). Beyond Obesity LLC. Kindle Edition.annleehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17666381399321975755noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-63295672403583406102015-01-03T20:13:20.768-08:002015-01-03T20:13:20.768-08:00The neutrality of the BCAAs is fascinating. These ...The neutrality of the BCAAs is fascinating. These are specific liver substrates not metabolised elsewhere and fuel hepatic metabolism when not used for GNG and KG - maybe that's the reason they're neutral. They're freewheelin' spirits bound by no hormonal rules. Also (or because), they are sources of propionate. <br />http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12450897Puddleghttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00953398103675945541noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-28487325209106037012015-01-03T19:44:21.225-08:002015-01-03T19:44:21.225-08:00One study demonstrates "among the plasma amin...<a href="http://jn.nutrition.org/content/132/8/2174.full.html" rel="nofollow">One study</a> demonstrates "<i>among the plasma amino acids, tyrosine .. and methionine .. were most closely related to the plasma glucagon response</i>".<br /><br /><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine#Dietary_sources" rel="nofollow">Tyrosine</a> "<i>is found in many high-protein food products such as chicken, turkey, fish, milk, yogurt, cottage cheese, cheese</i>".<br /><br /><a href="http://nutritiondata.self.com/foods-000084000000000000000.html" rel="nofollow">Methionine</a> is in eggs, fish, chicken, and stuff.Ash Simmondshttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02912627973649715025noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-91207454624286875412015-01-03T19:14:56.263-08:002015-01-03T19:14:56.263-08:00Do you know if there's any data on the specifi...Do you know if there's any data on the specific aminos that have highest glucagon stimulating activity in humans? I can only seem to find it in dogs, sheep, and rats.<br /><br />All the human studies are focussed on whole foods and proteins mixed with carbs, but I want to know which aminos are specifically involved.<br /><br />According to <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC292401/" rel="nofollow">the dog study</a> and <a href="http://articles.elitefts.com/nutrition/almighty-glucagon/" rel="nofollow">this breakdown</a>, it looks like this: <br /><br />"<i>Asparagine had the most glucagon-stimulating activity (GSA) followed by glycine, phenylalanine, serine, aspartate, cysteine, tryptophan, alanine, glutamate, threonine, glutamine, arginine, ornithine, proline, methionine, lysine, and histidine. Only valine, leucine, and isoleucine failed to stimulate glucagon secretion. Isoleucine may have actually reduced it.</i>"<br /><br />Asparagine is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asparagine#Dietary_sources" rel="nofollow">sourced from</a> "<i>dairy, whey, beef, poultry, eggs, fish, lactalbumin, seafood</i>" (and some plant stuff that IDGAF about), I think we're all up to speed on glycine (the gelatinous bits of animals), and from there in reducing amounts down the line, but not too much.<br /><br />I'm trying to wrangle the nutritiondata website to see if it's possible to display foods highest in several aminos, just for shits n giggles it'd be fun to see which food is best bang-for-buck glucagonically speaking. I'm going to guess it'll be something like pork rinds or shark fin or ox-tail...<br /><br />There's also GHB which is an isomer to ketones (and found in wine and beef etc) which is good for glucagonic activities. :pAsh Simmondshttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02912627973649715025noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-13368116352694071252015-01-03T17:12:03.828-08:002015-01-03T17:12:03.828-08:00Thanks. that was exactly my intention -- it's ...Thanks. that was exactly my intention -- it's a heuristic, it's way over simple, but it's as close as I can get to the nub of the problem.<br />I intend to expend it further - there are indications that feeding the glucagon dominated hepatic metabolism fat and protein can tame it, and that feeding it high carbohydrate low fat can make it worse, sometimes even when insulin sensitivity improves.Puddleghttps://www.blogger.com/profile/00953398103675945541noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8550919611653842066.post-72317307901015218012015-01-03T15:52:23.062-08:002015-01-03T15:52:23.062-08:00This is a great explanation of what is wrong with ...This is a great explanation of what is wrong with me, thanks. It gives me hope that maybe I'll be OK and not get progressively worse. Four years eating low carb and hanging in there. So far, so good.Judi Ohttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05426747921706979537noreply@blogger.com